Which protocols operate at the Network Access layer of the TCP/IP model?

Which protocols operate at the Network Access layer of the TCP/IP model?

• A. Ethernet, WLAN
• B. TCP
• C. IPv4
• D. HTTP

Answer: (A)

The Network Access layer covers the technologies that actually access the local network medium. Ethernet and WLAN (Wi‑Fi) are classic examples because they define how frames are formed and how devices on the same local network segment gain access to the medium, using MAC addressing rather than IP addresses. The other options belong to different layers: TCP is a transport-layer protocol that ensures reliable data delivery between hosts; IPv4 operates at the Internet (network) layer to route packets across networks; HTTP is an application-layer protocol used for web communication.

The Network Access layer covers the technologies that actually access the local network medium. Ethernet and WLAN (Wi‑Fi) are classic examples because they define how frames are formed and how devices on the same local network segment gain access to the medium, using MAC addressing rather than IP addresses.

The other options belong to different layers: TCP is a transport-layer protocol that ensures reliable data delivery between hosts; IPv4 operates at the Internet (network) layer to route packets across networks; HTTP is an application-layer protocol used for web communication.